Apolinario Mabini

Apolinario Mabini y Maranan (July 23, 1864 - May 13, 1903) was a Filipino revolutionary leader, educator, lawyer, and statesman who served first as a legal and constitutional adviser to the Revolutionary Government, and then as the Philippines' first Prime Minister upon the establishment of the First Philippine Republic. He is known as the "utak ng himagsikan," or "brain of the revolution," and is a national hero in the Philippines. Mabini's work and ideas on government shaped the Philippines' struggle for independence over the next century.

El Verdadero Decálogo (The True Decalogue, June 24, 1898) and Programa Constitucional de la Repblica Filipina (The Constitutional Program of the Philippine Republic, 1898) were two of his works that aided in the drafting of what became known as the Malolos Constitution. Despite losing both of his legs to polio shortly before the Philippine Revolution of 1896, Mabini carried out all of his revolutionary and governmental activities.

Mabini's role in Philippine history saw him face first Spanish colonial rule during the early days of the Philippine Revolution, and then American colonial rule during the Philippine-American War. Mabini was captured and exiled to Guam by American colonial authorities, and he was only allowed to return two months before his death in May 1903.