HARVESTER ANT (POGONOMYRMEX)

The Harvester Ant (with the scientific name Pogonomyrmex) is a unique species of ant in the ant world. The reason they are called Harvester Ant is that they function as a reaper, contributing to the growth of crops. Harvester Ant helps protect plants and disperse seeds and provides nutrients for the survival and growth of young trees in the desert. In addition, they also create aeration for the soil through burrowing, increasing soil organic matter.

Harvester Ants become dehydrated in a hot, dry environment and they rehydrate their bodies through the seeds they eat. Weather conditions affect the feeding behavior of some Harvester Ant species, such as the Messor Andrei ant that forages better in wet environments.

Although it seems quite gentle and useful for plants, Harvester Ant possesses a highly toxic venom. The main components of the venom contain amino acids, proteins, and peptides, or may also contain proteins that cause allergic reactions and lethal immune responses in susceptible individuals. When stung by a Harvester Ant, it will cause severe pain within 4 - 8 hours and swelling in the burned area. Their ubiquitous presence is a great danger to humans.

Location: South Africa.

Habitat: Dry, sandy to hard soils.

Length: < 10mm.

Venom’s power: Sharp pain for 4 - 8 hours.

Toxins: Protein.