Lake Bolsena

A volcanic and tectonic lake, Lake Bolsena is located in central Italy. It is the biggest lava lake in all of Europe. The Vulsini volcano last showed signs of activity in 104 BC, according to Roman historical records; since then, it has lain dormant. Following the collapse that produced the depression, underwater eruptions in the southern half of the lake produced the two islands.

Bolsena, Europe's largest volcanic lake and located to the north of Rome, was built in the caldera left behind by a volcano's eruption 370,000 years ago. The two islands in the lake, Bisentina, and Martana, were formed by later underwater eruptions, but the volcano hasn't been active since the Romans first noticed it in 104 BC. The lake's extensive beaches are made of smooth black sand, which is a result of its volcanic origins.

Locals and visitors alike are drawn to the beaches and the kayaking, canoeing, windsurfing, fishing, water skiing, paragliding, and sailing options. Campgrounds, B&Bs, and agritourism hotels are also available. At several locations around the lake, you can rent canoes and sailboats or go on a sailing tour.

More than a dozen kinds of birds that nest in reeds along the shore and fish in the nearby waterways make Bolsena a favorite destination for birdwatchers. The largest island, Bisentina, is reachable by ferry from Capodimonte and is well worth a visit to see the gardens, oak forests, and murals in the Cappella del Crocifisso from the fifth century.

Location: Province of Viterbo, Central Italy