Lava Lizard

Some of the most common reptiles in the Galapagos are lava lizards. Their common name comes from the fact that they frequently appear in huge groups warming themselves in the sun atop lava and resemble miniature iguanas. Seven different species of lava lizards belonging to the genus Microlophus can be found in the Archipelago, and a further 15 species can be found on South America's Pacific coast. It would be incredibly difficult to differentiate between two lizards only based on their physical characteristics, regardless of the lizard's location. Any person can be any color, including grey, green, brown, or even black. The colors of the males are typically more vivid, with gold or yellow streaks or flecks. The females can have a red throat or head. The male tends to be larger than the females and have a distinct spinal crest along the ridge of their backs. Males also have rougher skin with more patterning.

The territory of a male lava lizard can be up to 400 square meters, and it frequently crosses that of multiple females. The male will frequently be seen intimidating opponents by performing a series of "push-ups" to keep them away from his area; frequently, these demonstrations are carried out on man-made objects like fence posts or signs. The pushups give the man a bigger, stronger appearance, which can deter other men from wasting their strength by beginning a fight. A push-up competition might take place if the intruder believes he is stronger and bigger than the person in charge. Tail slapping or biting is frequently the last recourse if the competition is still ongoing.