Mīrzā Muhammad Tāraghay bin Shāhrukh

Mīrzā Muhammad Tāraghay bin Shāhrukh, better known as Ulugh Beg (22 March 1394 - 27 October 1449), was a Timurid sultan as well as an astronomer and mathematician. He is among the most important historical figures in Uzbekistan.

Ulugh Beg was notable for his work in astronomy-related mathematics, such as trigonometry and spherical geometry, as well as his general interests in the arts and intellectual activities. It is thought that he spoke five languages: Arabic, Persian, Turkic, Mongolian, and a small amount of Chinese. It is thought that he spoke five languages: Arabic, Persian, Turkic, Mongolian, and a small amount of Chinese. Ulugh Beg's father, Shah Rukh, captured Samarkand and gave it to him.

Between 1424 and 1429, he constructed the massive Ulugh Beg Observatory in Samarkand. Scholars considered it to be one of the finest observatories in the Islamic world at the time, as well as the largest in Central Asia. Ulugh Beg was subsequently recognized as the most important observational astronomer from the 15th century by many scholars.

Ulugh Beg's scientific expertise, however, was not matched by his leadership abilities. He failed to establish his power and authority during his brief reign. As a result, other rulers, including his family, exploited his lack of control, and he was eventually deposed and assassinated.