Mystras

Mystras, also known as "Morea," is a hill overlooking Sparta. William II of Villehardouin, a prince of Achaea who had participated in the Fourth Crusade, chose to erect a castle there as a defense against the Byzantines in 1248-1249. Following his defeat at the hands of Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII Palaeologus, William was taken prisoner shortly after the castle was built. Spartan inhabitants used the castle at Mystras as a shelter beginning in 1262, but soon stayed there and began developing a city around it.

Many churches, palaces, residences, and other structures, including its famous fortification, were considered to be some of the outstanding architectural treasures of their time, known as the "wonders of Morea," during its time as a thriving metropolis.

Today, Mystras is home to a number of Byzantine churches and a monastery, as well as remnants such as the castle, roadways, and fortress walls, all set in a breathtaking environment. The site's entrance is especially beautifully preserved. A neighboring Mystras Museum houses artifacts from the site.

Location: Peloponnese