The Ancient Greece Civilization
Ancient Greece civilization, one of the oldest civilizations of all time, was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization that existed from the 12th-9th century BC until the end of classical antiquity (about AD 600) and consisted of a loose collection of culturally and linguistically connected city-states and other areas. The majority of these regions were legally unified just once, for 13 years, from 336 to 323 BC, during Alexander the Great's empire (albeit this includes a number of Greek city-states free from Alexander's rule in the Western Mediterranean, around the Black Sea, Cyprus, and Cyrenaica). Classical antiquity was soon followed by the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine period in Western history.
In the eighth century BC, roughly three centuries after the Late Bronze Age collapse of Mycenaean Greece, Greek urban poleis began to appear, ushering in the Archaic period and the colonization of the Mediterranean Basin. This was followed by the Classical Greek period, which lasted from the Greco-Persian Wars to the 5th to 4th centuries BC and includes the Golden Age of Athens. Alexander the Great of Macedon's conquests pushed Hellenistic civilization from the western Mediterranean to Central Asia. The Hellenistic period came to an end with the Roman Republic's conquest of the eastern Mediterranean realm, the annexation of the Roman province of Macedonia in Roman Greece, and later the province of Achaea during the Roman Empire.
The Greeks invented the ancient Olympics, as well as the concepts of democracy and the Senate. They established the groundwork for modern geometry, biology, and physics. Pythagoras, Archimedes, Socrates, Euclid, Plato, Aristotle, and Alexander the Great whose discoveries, theories, beliefs, and heroics influenced subsequent civilizations. Classical Greek culture, particularly philosophy, had a significant impact on ancient Rome, which spread a version of it throughout the Mediterranean and most of Europe. As a result, Classical Greece is widely regarded as the cradle of Western civilization, the fundamental culture from which many of the contemporary West's founding ideals and ideas in politics, philosophy, science, and art come.
Period: 2700 BC-479 BC
Original Location: Italy, Sicily, North Africa, and France to the west
Current Location: Greece
Major highlights: Olympic Games, Greek religion, Greek mythology, Greek law, Greek pottery
