The month of August was named after him

Augustus Caesar died in the town of Nola in Campania, Italy, on August 19, 14 AD. He was claimed to have died in the same room as his father. His health had been deteriorating in the months leading up to his death. "I found Rome a city of bricks and left it a city of marble," he famously said. From 27 BC until 14 AD, Augustus controlled the Roman Empire for 41 years. He is one of the most powerful Roman Emperors, and many consider him to be the greatest. After his death, he was deified, and his adopted surname, Caesar, and the title Augustus became the permanent titles of Roman Emperors for the next fourteen centuries. In honor of him, the eighth month was dubbed August in 8 BC. Augustus is claimed to have chosen the month because it coincided with several of his major victories, notably the conquest of Egypt.

The Senate decided to rename the month of Sextilis after Augustus in 8 B.C. when Rome was in a period of relative peace and prosperity. Augustus had first become consul and then achieved his final victory over Antony and Cleopatra during that month, according to the Senate's edict. It came after July (originally Quintilis), which had lately been renamed in honor of Julius Caesar on the calendar.