The Union held a distinct advantage in artillery over the Confederacy thanks to its superior industrial infrastructure.

The Civil War, which lasted four years and resulted in nearly 620,000 deaths, was the worst conflict in American history. The rebellious 11 Confederate states were fought by the 25 states that make up the Union. The Union had a number of advantages that contributed to its eventual success despite the Confederacy fighting primarily on homeland and having better generals.

The 1800s saw rapid industrial development in the United States. While the South was reliant on agriculture, the Northern states possessed several industries and industrial groups. Over 90% of the nation's boots, pig iron, textiles, and firearms were produced in the North prior to the start of the Civil War. In actuality, the South lacked any weapon manufacturing when the war started. Many of its soldiers fought with their own guns, in contrast to the Northern soldiers who were equipped with the most advanced rifle technology. The Confederacy was unable to keep up with the Union's constant production of military supplies due to the Union's extensive industrial capabilities.