Anders Celsius devised a temperature scale in 1742

It is a fact that Anders Celsius devised a temperature scale in 1742. The degree Celsius is a temperature unit on the Celsius scale, which was formerly known as the centigrade scale. The degree Celsius (symbol: °C) can refer to a specific temperature on the Celsius scale or a unit used to represent the difference or range between two temperatures. It is named after Anders Celsius, who invented a temperature scale identical to this one in 1742. The measure was previously known as centigrade, from the Latin centum, which means 100, and gradus, which means steps, until being renamed to honor Anders Celsius in 1948.

Anders Celsius devised a temperature scale in 1742 that was the inverse of the scale currently known as "Celsius": 0 indicated the boiling point of water, while 100 represented the freezing point of water. He described his tests showing that the melting point of ice is basically unaffected by pressure in his work Observations of two persistent degrees on a thermometer. He also determined the boiling point of water as a function of air pressure with amazing accuracy. In a report to the Royal Organisation of Sciences in Uppsala, Sweden's oldest scientific society, founded in 1710, he introduced the Celsius temperature system in 1742. His thermometer was set to zero for the boiling temperature of the water and one hundred for the freezing point. He advocated calibrating the zero point of his temperature scale, which is the boiling point, at the mean barometric pressure at mean sea level. This is referred to as one standard atmosphere. After Celsius's death, the scale was reversed by Carl Linnaeus in 1745 to facilitate more practical measurement.