Conquest Of The Achaemenid Empire – Iii. Battle Of Gaugamela (331 BC)

The Battle of Gaugamela, also known as the Battle of Arbela, took place on October 1, 331 BCE, and was the final battle between Alexander the Great of Macedon and King Darius III of Persia. Alexander was unquestionably the King of Asia after this triumph. Gaugamela (which means "Camel's House") was a settlement on the banks of the Bumodus River. The fight is said to have taken place on Tel Gomel (Hebrew for "Camel's Mount") in northern Iraq.

By 331 BC, Alexander had crossed the Euphrates and Tigris rivers and was on his way to the Achaemenid Empire's heartland. Darius III had amassed a massive army by this point, including the best cavalry from his eastern satraps. The forces met in the Battle of Gaugamela, which took place in modern-day Kurdistan. The Greek army was divided into two groups, with Alexander commanding the right and his personal friend Parmenion commanding the left. Darius was in the middle of the battle with his strongest men. The Greek phalanx attacked the enemy's lines in the middle. Alexander hit the Persian army's weakened center, obtaining a clean path to Darius, by forming a wedge. Darius was forced to flee once more as the Persian line crumbled. The Battle of Gaugamela was one of Alexander's greatest triumphs. Bessus, one of Darius's own, assassinated him. In the Persian capitals of Babylon and Susa, Alexander amassed considerable wealth and declared himself Persian King of Kings.