Lack of resources

Many North Koreans lack the resources, such as money and transportation, needed to escape the country. North Korea is a poor country with a centralized economy, and most citizens have limited economic means. Many North Koreans do not have access to private transportation or the funds to bribe officials to help them escape.

Additionally, many North Koreans are heavily reliant on the government for their basic needs, such as food and housing. This dependency on the government limits citizens' options for leaving the country, as they may not have the means to survive without government assistance.

The lack of resources also makes it difficult for citizens to access information about the outside world, which limits their understanding of the opportunities available to them outside of North Korea. The lack of resources, combined with citizens' dependence on the government, makes it challenging for North Koreans to obtain the resources needed to escape the country.