Strict government control
The government heavily monitors and censors all forms of communication, including the internet and phone lines. Citizens are not allowed to access or use any form of international media or social media, which makes it difficult for them to communicate with the outside world or learn about what is happening beyond North Korea's borders.
Additionally, North Korea has a "songbun" system that categorizes citizens into different classes based on their perceived loyalty to the government. This system affects every aspect of a citizen's life, from employment opportunities to access to education and healthcare. Citizens who are deemed disloyal or have relatives who are disloyal are often subject to discrimination and harassment.
The government also heavily restricts citizens' movements, with citizens requiring permission to travel even within the country. This makes it difficult for citizens to leave their hometowns or the country without being detected and facing punishment.