Mathematics
The Maya developed a highly precise number system. It only has three symbols: 0 (shell shape), 1 (dab), and 5. (a bar). They utilized these three symbols to denote numbers ranging from 0 to 19; numbers greater than 19 were constructed vertically in groups of 20 using place markers. As a result, the Maya adopted a base 20 or vigesimal numbering system.
Because of the usage of place markers and 0 in this system, it is very similar to the one we use today. The second position in the base-20 system was worth 20 times the value of the numeral, the third slot was worth 202 or 400 times the value, and so on. The Maya also employed shorthand to indicate large numbers, such as 2.4.1.9.9, where the numerals 2, 4, 1, 9, and 9 represent coefficients before forces of 20. Similarly, by 36 BC, the Maya had included the concept of 0 into their numerical system.
While they were not famed for their scientific achievements, they did have a working grasp of it, and many of their dates and estimates are astonishingly correct.
