Suomenlinna Fortress

Suomenlinna's 18th-century fort is a 15-minute boat journey from Helsinki's Market Square and one of the world's largest sea strongholds (a mini-cruise that has lovely views of the city as a bonus attraction). The sights and activities here might easily occupy a day. The spectacular defences, which are now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, were built in 1847 by the Swedes (Finland was Swedish territory at the time) to frighten the Russians away from the fort; the Russians were not terrified and eventually took both the fort and Finland.

For a fascinating history, start with the audio-visual experience in the visitor center (it's in English), then tour the island's ramparts, tunnels, and museums, as well as the trails that wind their way around the gorgeous island. Alternatively, you may join up for a guided tour here to learn more about the fort and its varied features. The 250-ton Vesikko submarine, which served in the Finnish Navy from 1936 to the end of WWII, is one of them.

In Suomenlinna Fortress, the Ehrensvärd Museum depicts the oldest Swedish period, while the Doll and Toy Museum showcases dolls, dollhouses, and toys in an old Russian villa. Glassblowers, potters, and other craftspeople have studios and stores in various buildings, and in the summer, the Suomenlinna Summer Theatre puts on evening dance and musical acts.

Location: Suomenlinna C 40, FI-00190 Suomenlinna, Helsinki, Finland

Official site: https://www.suomenlinna.fi/

Highlights: UNESCO World Heritage site, Suomenlinna Island

Best time to visit: April to May – Spring