Tobol

The Tobol River, also known as the Kazak Tobyl, is a left-bank tributary of the Irtysh (Ertis) River that flows from northern Kazakhstan to southern Russia. After rising in the Torghay Plateau's low mountains, it runs northeast through the West Siberian Plain, passing through the cities of Qostanay (Kazakhstan) and Kurgan (Russia), before entering the Irtysh River at Tobolsk after a 989-mile journey (1,591 km). The Ubagan River in the higher parts and the Iset, Tura, and Tavda rivers in the lower levels are its principal tributaries. It has a 164,500-square-mile drainage basin (426,000 square km). From November to April, the Tobol is frozen, and high water occurs in the spring. Its Karatamar Reservoir provides water to Kazakhstan's Rdnyy iron-ore sector.

The Tobol River was one of the Khanate of Siberia's four major rivers. At the Battle of Tobol in 1428, the khan was killed in a battle with Abu'l-Khayr Khan's soldiers. The Tobol was the eastern terminal of the portage route leading westward to the rivers Vishera and Kama in the 16th century.

Length: 1,591 km (989 mi)