Turkey

Turkey's population was 85.2 million as of December 31, 2022, with a 0.55% annual growth rate. The Turks are the most numerous ethnic group, followed by Kurds. However, population figures can change over time due to births, deaths, and migration. Also, it's important to note that Turkey's population is distributed across both its European and Asian parts.

The percentage of Turkey's landmass that lies within the European continent is a bit higher than 3%. It's closer to 3-5% of the total land area. The vast majority of Turkey's land, however, is situated in Asia.

The population of the European part of Turkey, often referred to as Eastern Thrace, is indeed around 12 million people. This region includes cities like Istanbul, which is one of the most populated cities in the world.

The position of Turkey is a subject of debate. Overall, Turkey's geographical and demographic position makes it an interesting and diverse country with connections to both Europe and Asia.