The Vatican takes first place in the list of the least populated countries in the world. It is an inland city-state. Vatican City is also the head of the Catholic Christian faith. In fact, the city of Rome completely surrounds this walled city-state. The country occupies an area of 110 acres with a population of only about 1000. It is an internationally recognized country. Its ruler is the Bishop of Rome, who resides in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. However, it was established in 1929 by the Treaty of Laterano signed by Pietro Gaspari (Cardinal Secretary of State). The country is now ruled by Pope Francis.

The state dates back to the first church built in 326. In 592 Pope Gregory became bishop of Rome. He ruled the surrounding area, including the Italian Peninsula. In the 19th century, the king of Italy conquered the papal territories. As a result, the Pope used the Palace of Quirinale and the Palace of Laterano as his daily residence. The 1929 Treaty of Sides resolved the issue of the creation of the Vatican State between the Kingdom of Italy and the Holy See.

• Population: 1000

Tuvalu embraces an area of 26 square kilometers. It also has a population of only 10,640, making it one of the least populated countries in the world. It is a Polynesian island country located in the Pacific Ocean northeast of Santa Cruz Island. There are three main islands and six atolls that make up the country. The inhabitants are Polynesians from Tonga and Samoa.

The British colonized it in the 19th century under British protectorate. Thus, it is a parliamentary democracy where Queen Elizabeth II is the head of state. But instead, the country is represented by a governor.

Tuvalu became independent in 1978. The head of state is the prime minister. However, the representative is appointed by the representative. Interestingly, there are no political parties in this country. Therefore, personal and family relationships are very important in electing civil servants. As a nation, Tuvalu is part of the Small Island States, a coalition of islands that is concerned about vulnerability to adverse impacts.

• Population: 10,640

Palau is an island located in the western Pacific Ocean. Due to its isolated location, it is one of the least populated countries in the world. Regardless its small population, it comprises about 340 islands covering an area of 340 square kilometers. The most populous island is Koror. The country shares maritime borders with Micronesia, Indonesia and the Philippines. With a population of around 21,000 people, it is one of the least populated countries in the world.

The US Trust Territory of Pacific Island ruled the island until 1979 when it attained full sovereignty. It is a presidential republic, and the United States provides access to funds and basic social services. The economy is mainly based on tourism, fishing and subsistence agriculture. It uses the US dollar as its currency and its population includes people from Austronesia, Melanesia, and Micronesia. It is also inhabited by a small number of people, including Filipinos and Japanese settlers. The official languages are Palauan and English. Additionally, other local languages include Toabian, Sonsorolese, and Japanese.

• Population: 21,000

San Marino is located in the Apennines of the Italian Peninsula. It covers an area of 61 square kilometers. In 2016, the population was about 33,100, making it one of the least populated countries in the world. The largest city is Serravalle, but the capital is San Marino. The country is named after the marina. He was a legendary figure in our history. In fact, he took part in the construction of the city of Rimini, which was destroyed by Liburnian pirates. He then founded an independent monastic community called Monte Titano in AD 301. Thus, the state is the oldest constitutional republic and the oldest sovereign state.

San Marino has its own constitution which regulates activities and determines the political system of the country. In fact, historians believe the country has one of the oldest written constitutions. The economy relies on tourism, industry and financial services. The economy is very stable, and it has one of the lowest unemployment rates in Europe. The country has no public debt and always has a budget surplus. Interestingly, it is the only country in the world that has more cars than people.

• Population: 33,100

Liechtenstein is a German-speaking country located in Central Europe. The monarch is the head of the state. However, they are assisted by four ministers in addition to the Prime Minister. The country's neighbors are Switzerland to the west and Austria to the south.

With a population of around 37,000, it is the fourth-largest country in Europe and one of the least populated countries in the world. Despite its small size, the government has divided the country into 11 municipalities, the capital of which is Vaduz. Liechtenstein covers an area of about 160 square kilometers. Schaan is the largest municipality in the United States.

Although Liechtenstein has a small population, it has one of the highest GDP per capita in the world with an unemployment rate of around 1.5%. In the past, Korea was a tax haven for billionaires. However, today it is a popular winter sport due to its mostly mountainous terrain. It also has many farms and arable land in the south and north of the country.

• Population: 37,000

Monaco is a sovereign country in Western Europe. Also, the country has a monarchical government. It is bordered by France and the Mediterranean Sea. It covers an area of approximately 2,020 square kilometers. Furthermore, it also has a population of around 38,400, making it one of the least populated countries in the world. It is the second-smallest country in the world. However, it is expanding owing to a significant increase in land area via reclamation projects. These reclamation projects have increased the land area by approximately 1,974 km2.

The official language is French. However, people also speak English, Italian and Monegasque widely. It is famous as a playground for the rich according to the tax law. In 2014, more than 30% of citizens were millionaires. Albert II is the current monarch. As head of state, the prince wields a lot of political power. The Franco-Monaco Treaty of 1861 was the first to recognize the sovereignty of a country. It has also been a full member of the United Nations since 1993. Despite having two smaller units in Monaco, France is still responsible for the country's defense.

• Population: 38,400

The Republic of the Marshall Islands is an independent country in the Pacific Ocean. It also a part of the Micronesian Islands. The population in 2017 was approximately 74,539 people, located on 29 coral atolls.[4] It also consists of 1,156 individual islands and islands. The island shares maritime boundaries with Micronesia (a federal state) to the west and Wake Island to the north. It borders Nauru to the south and Kiribati to the southeast. The capital is Mazuro.

However, according to a 2016 UN estimate, although The Republic of the Marshall Islands is small and isolated, 73.3% of the population lives in cities. According to a UN report, the country's population density is 295 people per square kilometer. The majority of the national population are of Marshall descent. However, the country also has a small number of immigrants from China, other Pacific Islands and the United States. The official languages of the country are Marshall and English. The two dominant churches in the Marshall Islands are the United Church of Christ and the Assemblies of God.

• Population: 74,539

The Northern Mariana Islands is an island nation made up of 15 small islands. They are located in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. This includes all islands in the Mariana Archipelago except Guam. The state has a land area of approximately 464 square kilometers and a population of approximately 52,263. The capital is Capitol Hill, but the island's capital is Saipan.

The Northern Mariana Islands is a multi-party democracy and is part of the Commonwealth of the United States. The executive branch is led by the governor, while the state's legislative branch is in the legislature. The judiciary belongs to the Supreme Court. The area is prone to volcanic activity, so some have been evacuated. Although the CNMI itself is considered independent and is not subject to US customs laws, US federal law governs the CNMI.

• Population: 52,263

St. Kitts and Nevis, also known as the St Christopher's and Nevis Union, is one of many islands in the West Indies. It is the smallest sovereign country in the Western Hemisphere in terms of area and population. Although an independent country, it still recognizes Queen Elizabeth II as head of state. Basseterre is the capital of the country.

Nevis is part of the island, 3 km southeast of St Kitts. The island has an area of 261 square meters. With around 52,715 people living in, St. Kitts is one of the least populated countries in the world. The island is home to the first European settlers in the Caribbean.
The land of St. Kitts is very fertile and surrounded by beautiful seas.

The country is governed by a governor. The Governor-General is also an advisor to the Prime Minister and the leader of the majority. The country is described as a Commonwealth kingdom and is governed by a constitutional monarchy. The National Assembly consists of 14 members, including 11 elected members of the House of Representatives and 3 members of the Senate. Senators are appointed on the recommendation of the Prime Minister and opposition leaders. Senators do not sit in a separate chamber of the House of Representatives, but rather sit with other members of the House of Representatives.

• Population: 52,715

American Samoa is an unincorporated United States territory, situated in southeast Samoa in the Pacific Ocean. It comprises two coral atolls and five main islands. The islands include Tutuila, Swains Island and Rose Atoll. Tutuila is the largest island in terms of size and population. It is located 300 miles west of the Cook Islands and south of Tokelau. It also borders the islands of the Futuna and Wallis groups.

The total area of the country is 199 square kilometers and there are 57,400 people living there. The main export is tuna. American Samoans are bilingual and speak English and Samoan. However, citizenship in that country is not conferred at birth, and anyone born in that country is considered a non-citizen.

American Samoa's government is headed by a governor, who is elected for a four-year term. Despite the fact that the country is an autonomous state, the President of the United States acts as the head of state.

• Population: 57,400