Emi Koussi Mountain

Emi Koussi (also known as Emi Koussou) is a high pyroclastic shield volcano located in the northern Borkou Region of northern Chad, at the southeast end of the Tibesti Mountains in the middle Sahara. The tallest mountain in the Sahara, the volcano is one of three in the Tibesti range, and rises 3 kilometers (1.9 miles) above the surrounding sandstone plains. The volcano has a volume of 2,500 cubic kilometers and a width of 60–70 kilometers (37–43 miles) (600 cu mi).

The volcano is capped by two nested calderas, the largest of which is around 15 by 11 kilometers (9.3 by 6.8 km). On the southeast side, there is a smaller caldera known as Era Kohor, which is about 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) broad and 350 meters (1,150 feet) deep. Within the calderas and along the shield's outer flanks, there are numerous lava domes, cinder cones, maars, and lava flows. Era Kohor possesses trona resources, and Emi Koussi has been examined as a Martian volcano counterpart to Elysium Mons. Emi Koussi was active more than a million years ago, but some eruptions may have occurred recently, and fumarolic and hot spring activity continues.

Location: Northern Chad

Elevation: 3,415 m (11,204 ft)