Tigris

The Tigris River is the second-longest river in Turkey. It originates in the Taurus Mountains, 30 kilometers east of the Euphrates River's sources. The Tigris River flows for 1,150 kilometers before joining the Euphrates and spilling into the Persian Gulf. The river travels for 400 kilometers through Turkey before establishing the border between Syria and Turkey.

For millennia, civilizations and urbanism have sprung up along the Euphrates' banks. The Sumerian civilization received water from the Tigris River's banks. Along the riverbanks, the cities of Nineveh, Seleucia, and Ctesiphon thrived. Basra's port is located on the Shatt-al-Arab. Baghdad, Iraq, is built on the river's banks.

The Tigris River also serves as a transportation route in Turkey's desert country. The river was utilized to supply General Townsend's Army right before the Ottoman Empire fell in World War I. Dams have been built on both the Iraqi and Turkish sides of the river. The dams provide water for irrigation systems in the two countries' arid and semi-arid regions. The dams manage flooding in Iraq, particularly during April, when the snow in the Turkish highlands melts.

Length: 1,150 miles (shared with Iraq and Syria)